Manufacture of barrels.



E. P. EVERETT. MANUFACTURE OF BAR'RELS. APPLICATION FIL'ED MA.R..27. 1912.

1,1 83,86 1;. I Patented May 23, 1915f If Z.

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a 1 ATTORNEY T To all am a may mm a citizen of the United'S tates', and resident 5 s AT s PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST P, EVERETI, or hsronin, new YORK.

Be it known that I, ERnEsr of Astoria, Long Island, in the-countyof Queens andState of New York,1hav'einventi ed'certain' new and useful Improvements in Manufacture of Barrels, of which the folk;v

lowing. is a specification.

of barrels or keg'sl q The Object ofthis invention to produce f a serviceable barrel or keg. which may, be

very economically manufactured.

barrels of paper or of sheet: metal to serve the purposes of the relatively expensive wooden barrelsnow in use. In Patent No.

947,629 of Jan. 25, 1910 granted to G. W.

' Norton andmys'lf, we described the manuand formed directly from a web of bilged tween concave and convex ro v ments, that is, the heads and staves of the facture of a barrel having a wall of paper paper, thatis, paper inthe form of a web, the middle portion of which was extended or expanded so that the aper when coiled,

inder, that s, it would have thebarrel form.

In that patent we produced this bilged-effeet in the paper by passin the web be.

it near it's-central axisand give it thejdesired bilged form.

. One of the principal objects of the present invention is to provide an improved process for forming thebilge of such a barrel elfec,- tively and economically an to tear thelpaper I I In practising my present process the ele- Figure 1 is a plan showing the formoftheblanks out of which I. pmdiueefthei barrel sta'ves' Fig. 2 is a cross section through the blank,.uponan enlarged scale. Fig."3 is a vertical cross section taken through a press and illustrating the manner in which the' blank is 1 given the desiredfcurved form.

' This section. also passes through the dies which she e the-blank; Fig. ,4is alongitu din'al vertical section throughl the dies'a'nd furtherillus'trating the manner in wh'ich" mnurncrunnor BARRELS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

or rolled-upon itself pro need a bilged cyl ers to stretch without tending they form the'staves' Fig. 5 is a plan show-.

ing the form of the blank out of which the heads ofthebarrel are; formed; Fig. 6 is a vertical section throughthe head dies, and illustrating the manner in which the head is I Patented May 23, 1916,,

, 'Application filed march 27, 1912. Serial No; 686,671. a .1

formed. Fig. -7 is a cross section taken through one of the hoops and illustrating I the manner in which the hoops-may be This inventionrelates to the manufacture formed of paper, if desired.- V "Fig.-. 8 is adia- Qgrammatic view illustratinglthe"heating of therdie's to render the 'staves-rigid. Fig. 9 "is an-end view showing a trimming table,-'

- and illustrating the manner in which the edges' -of the stavesare trimmed while held in the dies. Fig. 10 is a side elevation partly brokenaway to illustrate theform of the finished'barrel.' V "L" In order'toform'one of thebarrel staves, .I- arrangeinlayer's anumber of elongated strips of s'tock, with a liquid adhesive between them so as to form a blank 1, as illustrated'inFigs. 1 and 2. A quick drying adhes'ive is preferable for this purpose. While theladhesi've is still wet,'I placethisv stave blank 1- between two dies, 2 and 3. f The the curvature of the face 4 so that the blank 1 may be forcibly pressed or clamped be tween the dies in such a way as to bend the strips 1 into a curve. The longitudinal side faces 2* of the two diesmay converge upwardly in the manner illustrated in Fig.

3, and these faces are in preferably radial vplanesfrom the axis of the transverse curva- 3 and 4. The ends of the dies have inclined end faces ,11, as shown Fig. 4. When the The blanks are lower die Q'is of enlarged width at its base,

as indicated'i-n Fig. 3, and presents a con-1 cave upper face 4,fof the desired form, which 1 isnot only concave transversely, asindicated in Fig.3, but concave longitudinally of'the' 4 "die'as shown in Fig. 4. The upper die 3 has a convexlowerface 5, which conforms to .169 clamp by means of hand wheels ,8, attached rigidl'yto'power-screwst). Near the end of the die 3, theworking face 5 of the-die isvprovided with transverse tongues or ribs '10.{ These' tongues or-ribs are intended to form the croze-in thestaves when the pressure comes upon the dies. I preferablyso long and wide that their side e'dgesprotrude from the side faces and ends of the dies in the manner indicated in Figs.

"pressure has been brought to bear on the dies, they may be secured together. so as 1 to maintaina-the' pressure upon :the. blank .ing the staves are th'en pre erably placed cated-in .Flg. 8, and'sub ectedto a temperature or approximately 1509 F.1for one hour.

by meansof clamps 12 applied as indicated in Fig. 3, theupper arms'of said clamps bein provided with adjusting screws 13, whic f may be tightened by means of an ordinary wrench. The clam ed dies holdin an oven or drying chamber, 14, as indior more. This hightemperatur'e dries the I glue andthe .vaporsandliquid may'pass ,out from between 'the'dies through a drain orvent 15 After the istaves have been subjected to the temperatureyof the' drying.:

' bevel gears 20. In order to enable the dies tobe passed between these cutters in the manner. illustrated in Fig. 9, clamps 21,

similaritoth e clamps 12, are applied to the ends of the dies, and a central-channel or I glitter 22 is formed in the horizontal part of table 23, which supportsthe diesas they are passed between the cutters. The rotat- 85* ing cutters lie close'tothe side faces of the dies and simply cut off the projecting edge,

.30 as to ileavetheedges of the staves lying substantially in the planes. of thejside faces of the dies. The projecting ends of the staves are simply trimmed off with a knife flush with theend faces 11.

In order to relieve the pressure on the stave which occurs at the tongues which not be suflicient to. interfere with placing- 'heads 0 form the croze, and to prevent weakening the stave at this point, I preferto form slight depressions or recesses 25 transversely in the upper face of the lower die. This prevents the tongues 10 from cutting through the paper and may result in producing a slight outward set-ofl' of the paper at this point. This off-set, however, will the hoo s upon the finished barrel. The

of paper, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and '6. In

forming the heads, I cut a number of blanks of circular form and arrange them in layers in the same manner as that described in n forming the staves, placing a liberal quan--- tity of liquidgluebetweenj thelayers. In

. this way I form acircular disk or blank 26 which is built up of the several thicknesses or layers of paper.'.- This blank is then subjected to pressure between two circular dies, 27 and 28, as illustrated in Fig. 6, the

fit the croze grooves of the staves.

the barrels'may be also formed lower die of which is dished-so as to present a concave upper face 29, and the upper I die 28 has aconvex face 30 which conforms to the curvature of the face 29. Near their edges, these dies 27 and '28 have annular knives 31 which trim the edges of the blank and which present inclined faces 32 which form the head with a double bevel edge to This double bevel edge is received in the croze of the barrel. The middle portion ofthelower die 27 is formed with a drip opening or; vent 33, through which excess "glue may pass and through this openingsteam may escape when the heads are; heated. inthe drying chamber inthe manner illustrated in Fig. 8.

.The finished barrel or ,keg is i from thestaves in the same-manner as an ordinaryba'rrehthat is they may be formed by the usual; cooperage processes. The finished heads are applied preferably with the dish inward, that is, the convex sides :of the heads. are disposed inwardly; This increases the strength of the heads under pres sure from the interior.

The barrel staves are held in the barrel ,form by bands or hoops 35 applied in the usual manner. If

lar waste pieces 36, liquid adhesive being placed between the layers and allowed to desired,.th e hoops may be formed of annu-v harden under pressure and vhigh tempera- I ture, so as to form a built up ring or hoop 37 as illustrated'in Fi s.5 and 7.

I believe that proba ly the central" parts of the layers are subjected to a considerable distorting or stretching force when the-pressure is being applied by the dies. However, inorder to prevent any tendency of the separate layers to tear, a liberal supply of the liquid adhesive should be used. In this way the absorbent fiber of each layer are sufliciently moistened topermit of'appreciably extending them to produce the bilge eflect; andiwhen the adhesive hardens, a very rigid stave of the desiredform results. The paper which it is preferable to employ is known as bogus and is particularly adapted to this purpose on account of its highabsorbent quality.

The drying of the staves by means of. heat is' preferable because it saves time in the drying, but a very serviceable stave can be made even if the staves 'are kept in the dies a very short time and are then permitted to dry in the air. They will substantially maintain the shape into which they have been pressed and the stave will become substantially as good as such staves when dried by heat.

It is understood that the embodiment of my invention described above is only one-of the many modifications or forms the invenetion maytake, and I do not wish to be limited in the practice of the-invention nor in my claims to the embodiment set forth above.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

which consists in forming a-blank of a plurality of strips of an absorbent substance;

placing aliquld adhesive betweensaid layers to saturate the fibers thereof, pressing said blank between dies into the curved form of a stave with the edges of, the blank-projecting beyond the side faces of the dies, a nd then trimming the projecting edges of said blank. 2. The process of forming a barrel stave which consists in forming a blank of a plurality oflayers with a moist adhesive between said layers,- applying pressure by pressing the blank betweendies to curve the same and permitting the adhesive to dry. 3. The process of making a barrel stave which Consists inproducing a blank of separate layers withan adhesive between said of March A.

layers, curving said blank and forming- 7 erozes in the iace thereof by pressure. 1. The process of producing barrel stav'es '4, The process of forming a barrel element which consists in forming a blank of said element of a plurality of layers with a moist adhesive between said layers, pressing said blank into curved form and drying said adhesive while the curved form of. said blank is maintained. v

5. A barrel stave'formed of a plurality of layers of blanks of longitudinal and transverse concave form and connected together by an adhesive.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 25th day D. 1912,- ERNEST-PLYEVERETT Witnesses:

- .CHAs. 'H. To1?Pmo,

A.-W. PALMER." 

